Prostatitis and prostate adenoma

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate tissue, its swelling.This is a term for inflammation of the prostate.

prostate- Part of the male reproductive system that produces a specific secretion that nourishes and protects sperm.When the smooth muscle fibers of the prostate capsule and seminal vesicles contract, seminal fluid is released into the urethra - ejaculation.

Prostatitis can only occur in men.According to statistics, the incidence of prostatitis has approximately doubled over the past 20 years, and now, at the beginning of the 21st century, it affects almost half of the world's male population aged 20 to 50 years.It is generally believed that after 30 years, 30% of men suffer from prostatitis, after 40 - 40%, after 50 - 50%, etc.

Classification of Prostatitis:

• spicy;
• asymptomatic inflammation;
• chronic bacterial;
• inflammatory syndrome of chronic abdominal pain.

Symptoms of prostatitis:

1. Various urination disorders associated with narrowing of the urethral lumen:
   • difficulty urinating;
   • intermittent urination;
   • weak stream of urine;
   • dripping urination;
   • feeling of incomplete bladder emptying;
   • involuntary loss of urine.
2. Symptoms caused by irritation of nerve endings:
   • frequent urination;
   • frequent urination at night;
   • urge to urinate;
   • urination in small portions;
   • Urinary incontinence when urinating.
3. Pain in the lower abdomen, groin, inner thighs, or lower back;Various sexual disorders can also occur.

There are several causes of prostatitis:

• sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, trichomonas, gonococci, Candida fungus, E. coli can affect the urethra and be detected in prostate tissue;
• poor blood circulation in the pelvic organs (blockage of the prostate leads to inflammation);
• sedentary lifestyle (drivers, office workers, officials);
• prolonged sexual abstinence, interrupted sexual intercourse or artificial prolongation of sexual intercourse;
• impaired immunity;
• frequent hypothermia (fans of extreme recreation: diving, surfing, kayaking and skiing);
• Stress: mental and physical overload;
• Violation of allergic status;
• hormonal imbalance;
• Lack of vitamins and microelements.

Treatment of acute and chronic prostatitis

While acute prostatitis is usually not difficult to treat, chronic prostatitis cannot always be corrected.

There are general treatment tactics for treating patients with acute prostatitis:

• Maintain bed rest.
• Prescribing antibacterial drugs.
• A ban on prostate massage, including for the purpose of obtaining prostate secretion.The reason for the ban is the high risk of developing sepsis.
• Prescribing drugs aimed at normalizing blood microcirculation and increasing its fluidity and viscosity.Thanks to the action of these drugs, it is possible to achieve the outflow of lymph and venous blood from the inflamed gland, reduce toxic phenomena and remove decay products from the body.
• Oral administration of NSAIDs or other tableted analgesics.They are prescribed for pain relief.
• In their practice, urologists often use rectal suppositories to provide an analgesic effect and reduce inflammation.They contain the same components as tablet preparations, but the effect is enhanced by local administration.You can use suppositories for prostatitis with propolis.
• If the patient suffers from severe intoxication of the body, the administration of rheological solutions, as well as detoxification agents and electrolytes, is indicated in the hospital.
• An operation is necessary if the ability to empty the bladder independently is completely absent or a prostate abscess has formed.

The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial prostatitis is mandatory.If the disease begins acutely and symptoms of intoxication are present, antibacterial drugs are prescribed as soon as possible;In this case, waiting for the results of tests on bacterial flora is inconvenient and dangerous.

The doctor selects drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones.This can be levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin.Such empirical therapy is based on the fact that fluoroquinolones are effective against bacteria that most often provoke prostatitis - these are gram-negative pathogenic flora and enterococci.In addition, fluoroquinolones have a harmful effect on gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria, as well as on atypical infectious agents such as chlamydia.Penetrating into the metabolic processes of protein metabolism of bacteria, the antibiotic destroys their nucleus, which leads to the death of the microorganism.

In addition, these drugs are very effective in the treatment of prostatitis because they have the ability to quickly penetrate the prostate tissue and seminal vesicles and accumulate there in high concentrations.The therapeutic effect is also enhanced by the fact that the prostate has a very high permeability when inflamed.

This group of drugs also needs to be replaced if the patient's condition has not improved 24-48 hours after starting to take it or if he does not tolerate them well.The drugs of choice in this case are macrolides, antibiotics from the cephalosporin group or lincosamides.

The bacteria that cause prostatitis are becoming increasingly resistant to most modern antibiotics.For this reason, prostatitis often cannot be completely cured and the disease becomes chronic.

If recovery does not occur 14 days after starting to take the medication, the treatment regimen should be adjusted again, but therapy for prostatitis should not last less than 14-30 days.However, the prescription of antibiotics is carried out by a doctor who focuses on the data of the clinical picture of the disease and the results of a bacteriological culture of the contents of the prostate with determination of the sensitivity of the cultured microorganisms to certain antibiotics.

Complications of prostatitis

Untreated acute prostatitis may well develop into a chronic form of prostatitis, and men over 40 may develop prostate adenoma, which is accompanied by hormonal imbalance (after 40 years, testosterone production in men decreases and estrogen secretion increases).

Prostate adenoma– Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the presence of a pathological, benign growth of the prostate on the circumference of the urethra.

Prostate adenoma is one of the most common diseases in older men.

With detailed examination, signs of prostate adenoma are observed at the age of 40-50 years in 25% of men, at the age of 50-60 years - in 50%, at the age of 60-70 years - in 65%, at the age of 70-80 years - in 80%, at the age of over 80 years - in more than 90% of men.

Manifestations of prostate adenoma

The growth of prostate tissue with age leads to an enlargement of the organ, which leads to narrowing of the urethra and is manifested by the following symptoms:

• Increased frequency and difficulty urinating - urination is particularly common at night.
• The weakening of the urine stream is one of the first symptoms of the disease, which usually goes unnoticed until other symptoms of the disease appear.
• a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder – often disguised as frequent urination in the morning.Such men complain that, despite the normal frequency of urination, they have to urinate 3-4 times during the day with an interval of 10-15 minutes.
• Compulsive (sudden, difficult to control) urge to urinate is one of the symptoms that force a man to see a doctor.
• Incontinence and urinary incontinence.

The main differences between prostatitis and prostate adenoma:

	Prostate adenoma	Prostatitis
What happens in the prostate?	One or more small nodules form that gradually grow and compress the urethra.	Inflammation occurs in the prostate tissue.
At what age does it most commonly occur?	Usually after 40 years.Less common – at a younger age.	Most common between the ages of 20 and 40.
Why does it happen?	The exact reasons are not fully understood.It is considered one of the manifestations of male menopause.	Main reasons: pathogens, infection; reduced immunity; sedentary lifestyle; infrequent or excessively frequent sexual intercourse.
Features of treatment	Medication and, in severe cases, surgical treatment (removal of overgrown prostate tissue) are used.	Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents are usually prescribed.

Prevention measures

There are also several recommendations that improve men's health:

• Physical activity.You should take at least 10 minutes in the morning to do simple exercises.The same rule applies to sedentary work.
• A contrast shower is also an excellent way to improve your well-being.
• As for nutrition, you need to include raw pumpkin seeds in your diet (herbal medicine based on pumpkin seeds, nettle extract, palm extract + zinc and selenium in capsules).relieves inflammation and, in combination with antibiotic therapy, shortens the treatment time for prostatitis and prevents the development of prostate adenoma), honey, garlic, prunes, parsley, walnuts or herbal remedies based on them.
• You need to avoid pickled foods, this especially applies to various sauces with the addition of vinegar - mayonnaise, ketchup, pickles, marinades, etc.
• Fight excess weight (improves metabolism throughout the body).
• Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothing in the crotch area: panties, trousers.

Avoid casual sexual contact to prevent sexually transmitted infections.Sex life should be smooth.Incomplete sexual intercourse and unrealized erections are very harmful.